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Human Centered And Life Centered Systems Of Environmental...

Biocentrism is the theory that within the world inherent value is extended to all living things. This means that Biocentrism, in most examples, encourages the protection of animal rights, the environment and biodiversity. With these ideas of inherent value and respecting the environment it is not surprising that the approach is based around the idea that mankind, and no other species for that matter, is more superior to another. This means that within this theory man himself is considered to be apart of nature also. A significant development in Biocentrism has been Paul W. Taylor’s text, The Ethics of Respect for Nature (1, 1986) within which he brings to relevance four related ideas to be main pillars for the theory. These are labeled as â€Å"I. Human-Centered and Life-Centered Systems of Environmental Ethics† â€Å"II. The Good of A Being and The Concept of Inherent Worth† â€Å"III. The Attitude of Respect For Nature† and the last being â€Å"IV. The Justifiability of The Attitude of Respect for Nature†. It is similarly that within Animal Rights and Human Obligations (2,1976) Peter Singer’s takes a stand to support his theory that if we can acknowledge that animals can be sentient beings then they deserve the same level of equality that is extended throughout human beings. Another person who has over the years helped to develop the biocentric theory to where it is today is Aldo Leopold. He has been linked to biocentrism due an essay called â€Å"The Land Ethic† which was released in 1987Show MoreRelatedAldo Leopold’S Essay â€Å"The Land Ethic† Was Published In1122 Words   |  5 PagesAldo Leopold’s essay â€Å"The Land Ethic† was published in A Sand County Almanac. The short paper confronts the imperfections in the most common approaches in preserving the environment. Leopold’s answer is to develop a new branch of environmental ethics to model humanity’s ever-changing relationship with the environment. Leopold observantly describes the history of ethics, the meaning of community with the land and why it’s appropriate to do so. Toward the end of the essay – as the reader is ready forRead More Environmental Ethics Essay2121 Words   |  9 PagesNeed for Environmental Ethics â€Å"Unless humanity is suicidal, it should want to preserve, at the minimum, the natural life-support systems and processes required to sustain its own existence† (Daily p.365). I agree with scientist Gretchen Daily that drastic action is needed now to prevent environmental disaster. Immediate action and changes in attitude are not only necessary for survival but are also morally required. In this paper, I will approach the topic of environmental ethics from severalRead MoreUnderstanding The Interdisciplinary Field Of Healthcare Essay1302 Words   |  6 Pagesand set the precedence for quality patient centered care continue to influence health care and nursing (Finkleman Kenner, 2016). Health care leaders of this era influentially lead to organizations, such as Institute of Medicine (IOM) that promotes quality care through core competencies, and the American Nurses Association (ANA) holds true to the legacy of nursing while guiding the future of nursing with foundatio nal guidelines such as the Code of Ethics. Five Core Competencies To reduce clinicalRead MoreYeah717 Words   |  3 Pagesargued that unregulated exploitation would cause environmental depletion. What is environmental science? Name several disciplines involved in environmental science. Environmental Science is the study of how the natural world works and how humans and the environment interact. Environmental Science in an interdisciplinary field which requires expertise from ecology, earth science, chemistry, biology, economics, political science, demography, ethics, and others. Contrast the two meanings of scienceRead MoreEnvironmental Ethics And Its Impact On The Environment1833 Words   |  8 Pagesntroduction and Thesis Environmental ethics is a branch of philosophy that examines human relationships to, and the ways they interact with, the environment. When it was noticed, that the increasing world population was negatively impacting the environment, as well as the use of pesticides, technology and industrialization, environmental ethics emerged as a field of study. Environmental ethics takes into consideration the value and moral standing of the environment and its non-human entities. It focusesRead More Environmental Ethics Essay example2762 Words   |  12 Pagescurrent rate, were headed for and environmental disaster, many say, but how much truth does that statement hold. Have humans really destroyed, pillaged, and polluted enough to cause a serious, wide scale, disaster? If not, then can we continue on without changing, and not learn from our mistakes? If so, then can we do anything today that will bring about a tomorrow available to us? All of these questions hold great pertinence for our current situation. Humans dont exactly hold the best trackRead MoreThe American Association Of Intellectual And Developmental Disabilities Essay1386 Words   |  6 Pagesfrom participating in events in society because of their functional disabilities. Environmental and personal factors also play a role in affecting people’s lives (CDC, 2014). According to the U.S. Department of Justice (2009): An individual with a disability is defined by the American with Disabilities Act (ADA) as a person who has a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities, a person who has a history or record of such an impairment, or a personRead MoreOur Knowledge Of Living Things Increases Essay1016 Words   |  5 PagesAs our knowledge of living things increases, as we come to a deeper understanding of their life cycles, their interactions with other organisms, and the manifold ways in which they adjust to the environment, we become more fully aware of how each of them is carrying out its biological functions according to the laws of its species-specific nature. But besides this, our increasing knowledge and understanding also develop in us a sharpened awareness of the uniqueness of each individual organism. ScientistsRead MoreMy Philosophy Of Nursing Philosophy1481 Words   |  6 Pagesand other healthcare professionals, while working in different setting as a nursing in the health care. This also addresses nurse s ethics, goal and values as it relates to my nursing practice. My Nursing Philosophy is based on five components: nursing, Person, environment, holistic care and health. Person: One of the central concept in nursing care is person or human being (McEwen and Wills 2007). My nursing philosophy focused on treating each person as a unique individual that deserves to be valuedRead MoreWhat Is Human Services?1217 Words   |  5 PagesRunning head: WHAT IS HUMAN SERVICES? What is Human Services? Candice K. Holt BSHS/302 University of Phoenix August 24, 2009 The Goal of Human Services Human Services is the practice of assisting needy and less fortunate individuals with meeting their basic needs in life. â€Å"The Human Services profession is one which promotes improved service delivery systems by addressing not only the quality of direct services, but also by seeking to improve accessibility, accountability, and coordination

Factor 3 Teacher Communication - 994 Words

Factor 3: Teacher Communication Practice In my professional practice I highlight the need for students to be stretched and challenged as a foundation for motivation and learner satisfaction. This links with the planning of my lessons to teach the curriculum. Furthermore within my teaching I have high aspirations for the learners and encourage them to succeed. This is shown within my teaching and planning as I display enthusiasm towards challenging tasks. This inspires students and accelerates students learning. It has been proven that teacher led sessions lowers learners achievements and it is best to deploy an appropriate range of communicative strategies to engage all students. (Ofsted, 2013) Through my development as a teacher I have used 3 main models of communication; linear model, interactive model and competent communication model. The linear model is sender (code) to receiver (channel), also known as Lasswell Formula and information model. In this instance I use PowerPoint as the code as this can be accessed online through ‘blackboard’ before, during and after the lesson. The channel is both verbal and nonverbal; learner reading or my body language during presentation. Interaction model has the same principle as linear, however feedback from the receiver is given to the sender, also known as the Shannon and Weaver model. This model promotes for effective questioning and directed study within group tasks, including problem based learning and case studies. This isShow MoreRelatedAnalyzing Socio Environmental Issues That Are Affecting The Health And Quality Of Life Of Elementary Students1479 Words   |  6 PagesA. Introduction and Purpose: Our praxis s ite is the Bala Avenue Community School and our aggregate is grade 3 and 4 students. We chose the aggregate because they are the only elementary students who are not receiving the mental health initiative, which aims to teach students to regulate their behavior, that the school is implementing. The purpose of this assessment is to comprehensively assess and critically analyze socio-environmental issues that are affecting the health and quality of life ofRead MoreInstructional Technology Specialist For Cedarburg School District1603 Words   |  7 Pagesplans for teaching and learning, implementation, and the evaluation of the plants if they achieve learning objectives. Accordingly, the intention of curriculum development is to align the planned, delivered, and experienced curriculums. On November 3, I contacted Rachel Yurk to provide some insights on the curriculum development process of Cedarburg School District. Yurk is the Instructional Technology Specialist for Cedarburg Schoo l District. As demonstrated by the Cedarburg school district curriculumRead MoreAdvantages and Disadvantages of Nonverbal Communication in School1661 Words   |  7 PagesDisadvantages of Nonverbal communication in School is an important topic to be learned by human beings. This paper explores various techniques that can be utilized to manage conflict in the workplace. Advantages and Disadvantages of Nonverbal Communication in School Introduction â€Å"People cannot live without each other, we are social beings† (Marwijk). Students from different levels and cultures love to hang out with each other thus using different nonverbal communication which may build or breakRead MoreA Research Proposal For Otago Polytechnic Essay1077 Words   |  5 Pages A Research Proposal for Otago Polytechnic Auckland campus Graduate Diploma in Applied Management CX660001Research Methodology Cohort 1 Lecturer Name: Dr Julianne Wu Submitted by: 1) Subhashis Biswas 2) Sudipta Adhikary 3) Kanishka Goel 4) Rubica Kapoor 5) Tirath garcha Table of Content Introduction and Background 1 Research Question and Aims 1 2.1 Research Question: 1 2.2 Research Aims: 1 Literature Review 2 Research Methodology 6 Project Management 7 Reference List 8 IntroductionRead MoreCurriculum Development : Teaching And Learning1606 Words   |  7 Pagesplans for teaching and learning, implementation, and the evaluation of the plants if they achieve learning objectives. Accordingly, the intention of curriculum development is to align the planned, delivered, and experienced curriculums. On November 3, I contacted Rachel Yurk to provide some insights on the curriculum development process of Cedarburg School District. Yurk is the Instructional Technology Specialist for Cedarburg School District. As demonstrated by the Cedarburg school district curriculumRead MoreUnderstanding And Understanding Of Physical, Social And Intellectual Development And Characteristics Of Student Essay1541 Words   |  7 PagesBeecher, Death, Dockett Farmer, 2012). In order to achieve the above requirements, a strong and positive relationship with students is the effective way for teachers to build up a holistic picture of a student (Groundwater-Smith, Ewing Le Cor nu, 2015a; Nixon Gould, 2005). The various recorded interactions and observations between teachers and students made during the professional experience, have helped me to understand how students learn and have strengthened my ability to plan and implementRead MoreDtlls Unit 4 - Inclusive Practice1328 Words   |  6 Pagespractice. This assignment will try to analyse the factors that influence learning. There are various factors including personal, social and cultural issues which can influence learners and it is essential to understand how these factors can affect learning. Factors such as sex, age, learning difficulties, disability, social class, motivation, ethnicity, language and relationships may influence learning in either a positive or negative way. Some factors may be easy to detect but some will need toRead MoreIct : The Most Important Element Of The Education System Essay826 Words   |  4 Pagesworld, education has to be delivered in a vastly different way. A real 21st century education must involve something more than information literacy alone. Besides the 3 R’s of education (reading, writing and arithmetic); a new â€Å"4 Cs† - Creativity and innovation, Critical thinking and problem solving, Collaboration and Communication are also required for our students to be able to compete in this new world, Sherrelle Walker, M.A. (2012). As a result of ICT integration in education, information sharingRead MoreThe Planning Web: Ideas for Classroom Instruction1086 Words   |  4 Pages planning web From that listing/map you choose 3 separate activities to write lesson plans for To understand how the animal characters in the book are similar and different. Diversity. And yet each get along well with other. How Charlotte saves the pig. Activism how the animals see the story from different perspectives you will use a separate template for each lesson Theme One: To understand how the animal characters in the book are similar and different. Diversity. And yet each getRead MoreImportance Of Communication In School1639 Words   |  7 PagesThe Importance of Communication is important to understand; particularly in school. Communicating effectively is the best way to keep everyone connected and informed about what is going on. Email is the most efficient manner of staying in contact with a teacher, coach, or another student. â€Å"The email channel is an oldie but goodie and a key channel for schools. We all love it because it is a great form of one-to-one personal communication.† (Williams, para. 20). Many teachers have online classrooms

Cultural Influences on Service Chinese Travellers in France Free Essays

CULTURAL INFLUENCES ON SERVICE- INTRODUCTION Culture has many definitions, and it affects everything people do in their society because of their ideas, values, attitudes, and normative or expected patterns of behaviour. By Mulholland Culture is a complex concept, and no single definition of it has achieved consensus in the literature. So, out of the many possible definitions examined, the following definition guides this study: culture is a set of shared and enduring meaning, values, and beliefs that characterize national, ethnic, or other groups and orient their behaviour. We will write a custom essay sample on Cultural Influences on Service: Chinese Travellers in France or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is said that culture exists only by comparison. The country scores on the dimensions are relative – societies are compared to other societies. Without make a comparison a country score is meaningless. These relative scores have been proven to be quite stable over decades. The forces that cause cultures to shift tend to be global or continent-wide. This means that they affect many countries at the same time, so that if their cultures shift, they shift together, and their relative positions remain the same (Hofstede, 2012). National culture is an important factor influencing expectations and perceptions of service quality and its satisfaction. Different cultural groups attach different importance to service quality criteria. Tourism is one of the many sectors of the economy, which services cater directly to tourist needs. However, tourists create demand for indirect services(financial, medical, electricity,.. ) as well. Resulting all of this, a tourism product is mostly a service rather than a tangible product. As far as service encounter, we define 3 process steps, which are: 1, interaction between the customer and the firm or service provider, 2,a period of time during which a provider and a customer confront each other, 3, a â€Å"moment of truth†, which means the quality of the services offered to customer. We know three classes of service: the first one is a maintenance-interactive (e. g. fast food restaurant), second is task-interactive (e. g. banking services) and besides these two we define one more, personal-interactive services where belongs tourism. Services are in general defined by 6 key characteristics. Intangibility of services means that they can not be seen, touched and so on before use/ purchase. Heterogeneity is another characteristic that talks about services which vary because they are delivered by people-to-people. In tourism, services are firstly sold and subsequently consumed. This is called â€Å"Inseparability†. Tourism services are perishable, they cannot be stored. They must be consumed at the point of production. When the tourist pays the price for tourist services, he or she pays for the benefits and experiences received, it doesn’t lead to ownership. The last characteristic is called â€Å"People-based and personality-dependent†. Tourism, hospitality and leisure services are provided by people and for people. Very important thing about Cultural influences on service is a perception of service. Those are very subjective. When the customers? cultural expectations and needs are met, service quality is perceived as good and vice versa. Cultural differences in expectations from services vary from country to country. This means that what is supposed to be a good service in China, must not be good in USA. When we are talking about service quality, it refers to the appropriateness of assistance and support provides to a customer and the value and benefits received for the price paid. When it comes to reliability evaluation, the only two could be the price and physical environment. However it is difficult to evaluate by price as this is set up the producer. In order to facilitate the evaluation of service quality, several distinct quality dimensions were identified: (1) physical, (2) corporate, (3) interactive, (4) procedural, (5) convivial, (6) technical, (7) functional. The importance attached by customers to service quality criteria and dimensions differs among various cultures. Tourists from different countries have various expectations for the tangibles and empathy dimensions in terms of hotel service. There can be a problem with cultural differences and the mismatch between service quality expectations and perceptions of customers from foreign countries, and quality expectations and perceptions of domestic providers. Services are in general very specific and they have a lot of different characteristics. They are people based and so the cultural effect is very strong in this field. Different foreign tourists attach different importance to service quality criteria. How to cite Cultural Influences on Service: Chinese Travellers in France, Essay examples

Death of a Salesman Personal Response free essay sample

he Loman family is a family that people can easily relate to. The two sons, Billy and Happy, face a decision that many teens have to face. This decision is to choose their future jobs. As a teenager myself I know how tough it is to choose between doing what you like and doing what society or your parents approve, or what has a good income, etc. Willy is a salesman and he wants his sons to become business guys, however Billy does not like the business life, he’d rather live in a farm. This phsychologic conflict can happen to any teen. It’s a hard decision to choose between something that you like, however, not very well recognized and seen. For these reasons, teenagers go into college for example and two/three years into the course they selected they decide to change. Another reason to why the Loman family is so relatable is because Willy did not achieve his goal in life. We will write a custom essay sample on Death of a Salesman Personal Response or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In his head, he was the best salesman but in reality he had failed what he had planned for himself. It is common for many people to aim high but not be able to achieve their goals. So, the feeling of failure is something that many people can relate to. This feeling of failure comes with sadness, denial, anger, and frustration, all mixed together. Many times people fail and stay in denial, they rather not admit to themselves that they actually DID fail. Reading this book, people who are maybe in the same situation as Willy can relate and see how denial and failure works out, and perhaps realize that failure is not necessarily something to be ashamed of, everyone fails. One more reason to why this family is so easily to relate to is because many guys cheat on their wives. Unfortunetely this is a reality since a long time a go. Men not always stay true and loyal to their wives, and this is another factor that makes this family so ‘common’ and relatable, many people can put themselves in one of the characters shoes.

Developments in Production Economics †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Developments in Production Economics. Answer: Introduction This part discusses Amazon online market to understand the interaction of demand and supply. Amazon is a virtual market that trades commodities across different world economies. The visited market was an online market, where a firm known as Amazon uses this platform to trade goods. The market consists of an assortment of goods ranging from clothing to books to electronics. This market has suppliers from various categories, who display their goods in the online market. The consumers of these goods are individuals from across the world, which makes orders through the internet. The online market brings together buyers and sellers who are operate in the local economy as well as in the global economy. This particular market is highly responsive to the forces of demand and supply. This is to mean that when the demand is high, and the supply is low, there is an increase in price, and on the other hand, when supply increase there is a decrease in price. In this particular market, the demand and supply forces control the prices of commodities. The online market consists of sellers who deal with goods similar to those dealt with by Amazon. The equilibrium on commodity prices is therefore largely determined by the market forces. For instance, when the supply of a particular commodity at Amazon e.g. a television is high, and the price of the same commodity is high, its demand drops, making it be a dead stock in the market. This forces the supplier to reduce its price so that the consumers can access the commodity. A significant reduction on price attracts the consumer in a way that the demand for the TV rises. The increase in demand results to an increase in the price of the product in a way that the supply equals demand. The point where supply equals demand is referred to as equilibrium. Based on the above explanations of the online market that was visited it is right to say that the firms operate in a perfect competition market structure due to the presence of a high number of sellers and a high number of buyers. This means that none of them can influence the prices, but rely on the market forces of demand and supply to set the prices. Also due to the presence of other online traders other than Amazon, there is a reduction of the market share of each firm. These firms sell similar commodities and the buyers who buy in this market have complete information about the commodities. This makes the firms in the market to be price takers. Role of government The online market is very different from the typical market as the online market is a virtual market that engages buyers and sellers from across the globe. Due to this reason, the market relies on the efforts of several governments to ensure that trading takes place. Some of the contributions by these governments include, security, whereby firms can ship ordered goods to the customer in any country safely, political stability, which enables firms to do business with clients in various countries without fear of war breakouts. The government also provides the Infrastructure, which enables firms to transport goods with ease and therefore offers the goods at an affordable price. The other thing that the government offers to the market is licensing and regulatory policies that regulate the activities of the business as well as shield the customer and firms from unethical business dealings. The above-provided information shows how firms in a perfect completion market structure operate. The online market exhibited on this paper relies on the forces of demand and supply to be able to set the price. This shows that the firms in this market are price takers. Moreover, it is also evident that the role of government is crucial in this market. Large companies are organizations that have more than 200 employees and produce in large scale. Small-medium businesses are organizations that have less than 200 employees and produce relatively in large scale. Small businesses are enterprise than have less than 19 employees and produce in small scale. It is assumed that large organizations have been in the industry for longer time than small and medium companies. Large companies are able to avail the same products with the small businesses at relatively lower prices in the market. Large companies are able to produce many units compared to small business. The following report will discuss the micro economic issue that underlies this phenomenon that enable large organizations to sell same at lower price per unit compared to small companies. The analysis will involve use of micro economic theory and model to explain the phenomenon. Background of the Study Large companies involved in large production are selling of their commodities at relatively low prices. These organizations are produce in masses and serve a large market. First, large organizations have big machineries in their production departments. They have invested in machineries that are able to produce in large capacities. Secondly, large organizations have many employees. These organizations are able to train, retain and motivate employees. Employees in large organizations have high skills in the companies production and operations (Beattie, Taylor, Watts, 2009). Large companies are also able to attract highly skilled managers and experts in the field that they operate in. Large organizations have these abilities because of their capability to compensate employees. Thirdly, large organizations do transport their products in large quantities. These companies are able to ship raw materials and finished goods in large quantities. The companies are able to get supplies to their premises through negotiated terms with suppliers. Transporting products in large quantities enable the businesses to use train, ship and large trailers. The companies are also able to get the best suppliers of raw material because they purchase in bulk. Fourth, large companies are been in existence for long period of time. Companies take time to grow to be large businesses. This period give them experience in the industry that they operate in. They are able to understand the production techniques and marketing of the products that they produce and sell. This first move in the industry gives the companies capability to produce in large scale. Lastly, large organizations have financial resources to invest in production processes and marketing. These companies are able to attract investors to their portfolio who finance the company if need be. From the background study of the large companies, it shows that they operate in large scale. They purchase raw materials in large quantities and sell in high volumes. Large companies are able to charge low prices in the market. These low prices are competitive and attract consumers to buy their products. These low prices also affect the small businesses ability to enter and perform in the industry due to low or no profits being realized. Units Fixed costs Variable costs Total costs 1 10000 20 1200000 2 10000 40 1400000 3 10000 60 1600000 4 1000 80 1800000 5 10000 100 10000000 6 10000 120 12000000 7 10000 140 14000000 8 10000 160 16000000 Table 1 production costs showing fixed, variable and total costs Table 2 Transportation costs showing fixed, variable and total costs Units Fixed costs Variable costs Total costs 1 100 2 200 2 100 4 400 3 100 6 600 4 100 8 800 5 100 10 1000 6 100 12 1200 7 100 14 1400 8 100 16 1600 The phenomenon outlined in this report is a micro economic issue that allows organizations to benefit by producing and operating in large scale (Fuss, 2014). This tool is known as economics of scale. A firm is able to enjoy low cat of production when producing in large scale. Fixed costs associated with the production process are distributed to the large number of unit hence lowering costs per unit. Economics of scales gives firs cost advantage as a result of their size, scales of operations or output. Economics of scale is cause by increased efficiency over time. The economical tool requires firms to operate in large scale in order to redistribute fixed costs to per unit produced. Economics of scale is addressed by production theory. Production theory involves production decisions involved in converting inputs to finished outputs. The study involves making decisions on how much to produce, how to produce it and the right combination to produce. The decisions are aimed at maximizing output while minimizing resource input (Grubbstrm, Hinterhuber, 2009). The decisions outline the optimal production combinations that will maximize units of output. These decisions also involve combination of factors of production in the production process. Factors of production include labour, capital, land and entrepreneurships. These factors of production are required for a production process to take place. They are the input to the production system. Therefore, the production theory outlines decisions in production to ensure optimization is achieved in a company. Production involves several costs that are used to make decisions on the optimal production point. These costs are as follows; Fixed cost: These are costs in the production process that do not change with change of units being produced. They are constant throughout the production period. Where the firm produces 10 units or 100units, the fixed costs does not change. Fixed costs include machinery, salaries of supervisors and managers and rent. Variable costs: These are costs that increase with an additional increase of units produced. They are associated with units produced by the firm. Variable costs are not constant and can be attributed to each product produced. They include workers wages, electricity bills, fuel and water. Total costs: These are combination of fixed costs and variable costs. They are the total cost that the company has incurred in producing each unit. Average cost: These are total costs divided by the number of units produced. This cost shows the average cost used to produce each unit. This is the average cost of both fixed cost and variable costs of a unit. This cost is used to distribute fixed costs to the number of units produced. Marginal cost: This is the cost that the firm incurs with an additional unit produced. This cost show the amount that the firm use to produce an additional unit. Long term and short run: Short run is the period in the production process where there are both fixed and variable costs. Long run is the period of a firms production where there are no fixed costs. This period of time everything can change that can result to changes in fixed costs. Economics of scale is achieve when a firm average costs are at minimum. At the start of the production activities, the costs of the production both the fixed and variable costs are at the highest point. The average cost of producing a single product is also highest at this point. The average cost reduces with time. In the long run, the average cost reduces to it minimum allowing the company to operate at optimal condition (Lines, 2008). Pa Q a shows the average cost at the beginning of the production cycle. P b Q b , shows the average costs at minimal at is attained after some times. This point the company enjoys the economics of scale. Therefore, economics of scale is achieved when the firms total average cost is at minimum. At this point the firm benefits from low cost and is able to use this situation to attain competitive edge. Operating at economics of scale has several advantages; first, the firm is able to sell it outputs at competitive prices in the market. The average cost per unit is low and the company is able to make profit selling at relatively low prices in the market. This attracts more customers to purchase companys products (Parkin, 2014). Second, the firm is able to use this situation to create barriers to market entry. Low prices discriminate competitors in the market. New entrants are unable to make profits leading to closure or exit from the market. Low prices in the market discourage new entrants from entering the market. This barrier help the firm survive in the market and increase its market share by dominating. Third, the firm is able to compensate it employees higher than its competitors. This enables the company to attract highly skilled labour to work in the company. This improves the companys products. Lastly, the company is able to increase its profits. This is as a result of compe titive prices and dominance created by the company. Limitation of the economics of scale tool The microeconomic tool cannot be sustained in the long run. In the long run the fixed costs change due to changes in technology or production processes. This necessities the firm to change and acquire new capital for production purposes (Singh, 2013). At this period, the company loses it economics of scale that it had latter attained. There are a lot of government interventions that limit the companies from utilizing this micro economic tool. The governments impose taxes and price regulations to protect infant businesses. This hinders the firms ability to benefit from the economics of scale that it attains. Conclusion From this report of large companies selling at low prices than small business, a concept of economics of scale emerges. The concept analysis how some companies are able to sell at relatively low prices and gain profits in the market. The concept also analysis how large organizations can use their capability to attain and benefit from economics f scale. Economics of scale enables companies to attain competitive prices and exercise market discrimination by using their size, output and level of operations. Therefore, organizations should aim attaining economics of scales in order to maximize profits and avoid being discriminated in the market. References Beattie, B., Taylor, C., Watts, M. (2009). The economics of production (1st ed.). Malabar, Fla.: Krieger Pub. Fuss, M. (2014). Production Economics (1st ed.). Elsevier Science. Grubbstrm, R., Hinterhuber, H. (2009). Developments in Production Economics. International Journal Of Production Economics, 121(2), 299-300. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2009.08.001 Lines, T. (2008). Markets, prices and market power. International Journal Of Green Economics, 2(3), 295. https://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijge.2008.021424 Parkin, M. (2014). Economics (1st ed.). Boston: Pearson. Singh, S. (2013). Micro economics (1st ed.). New Delhi: APH Pub. Corp. Yang, X., Liu, W. (2009). Inframarginal economics (1st ed.). Singapore: World Scientific Pub., Co.